Guestbook

Modestoalede

03 May 2025 - 07:18 pm

Tbilisi, Georgia — Jailed journalist Mzia Amaghlobeli gets weaker every day as her hunger strike has reached three weeks in Rustavi, a town near the Georgian capital of Tbilisi, her lawyer says. Now the 49-year-old is having difficulty walking the short distance from her cell to the room where they usually meet, and human rights officials, colleagues and family fear for her life.
kra26 at
Amaghlobeli was arrested Jan. 12 during an anti-government protest in the coastal city of Batumi, one of over 40 people in custody on criminal charges from a series of demonstrations that have hit the South Caucasus nation of 3.7 million in recent months.
kra25.cc
The political turmoil follows a parliamentary election that was won by the ruling Georgian Dream party, although its opponents allege the vote was rigged.

Protests highlight battle over Georgia's future. Here's why it matters.
Its outcome pushed Georgia further into Russia's orbit of influence. Georgia aspired to join the European Union, but the party suspended accession talks with the bloc after the election.

As it sought to cement its grip on power, Georgian Dream has cracked down on freedom of assembly and expression in what the opposition says is similar to President Vladimir Putin's actions in neighboring Russia, its former imperial ruler.
kra24 at
https://kra-21.at

Samuelideow

03 May 2025 - 06:58 pm

Kate Winslet had a surprising ‘Titanic’ reunion while producing her latest film ‘Lee’
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Kate Winslet is sharing an anecdote about a “wonderful” encounter she recently had with someone from her star-making blockbuster film “Titanic.”

The Oscar winner was a guest on “The Graham Norton Show” this week, where she discussed her new film “Lee,” in which she plays the fashion model-turned-war photographer Lee Miller from the World War II era.
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Winslet recounted that while she had previously executive produced a number of her projects, “Lee” was the first movie where she served as a full-on producer. That required her involvement from “beginning to end,” including when the film was scored in post-production.

She explained to Norton that when she attended the recording of the film’s score in London, while looking at the 120-piece orchestra, she saw someone who looked mighty familiar to her.

“I’m looking at this violinist and I thought, ‘I know that face!’” she said.

At one point, other musicians in the orchestra pointed to him while mouthing, “It’s him!” to her, and it continued to nag at Winslet, prompting her to wonder, “Am I related to this person? Who is this person?”

Finally, at the end of the day, the “Reader” star went in to where the orchestra was to meet the mystery violinist, and she was delighted to realize he was one of the violinists who played on the ill-fated Titanic ocean liner as it sank in James Cameron’s classic 1997 film.
“It was that guy!” Winslet exclaimed this week, later adding, “it was just wonderful” to see him again.

“We had so many moments like that in the film, where people I’ve either worked with before, or really known for a long time, kind of grown up in the industry with, they just showed up for me, and it was incredible.”

“Lee” released in theaters in late September, and is available to rent or buy on AppleTV+ or Amazon Prime.

Darrenror

01 May 2025 - 03:25 pm

Хотелось бы вам владеть ресурсом для изучения английского языка, который обновляется каждый день? Если да (а мы уверены, что – да), тогда учите английский при помощи новостей!


Breaking news (последние новости), новые и оригинальные истории привлекают внимание и одновременно улучшают ваши знания английского. Они познакомят вас с важной повседневной лексикой и помогут лучше освоить структуру английского предложения. Кроме того, изучение новостей на английском может помочь в общении с носителями языка. Когда вы будете знать, что происходит в мире, в котором они живут, сможете лучше говорить на их языке. А еще всегда будет о чем поговорить!

Вам точно понравится удобство изучения английского с помощью новостей, чтения статей в интернете, прослушивания новостных подкастов или просмотра роликов в приложении в любое удобное время и в любом месте. И мы не будем ограничиваться только роликами с субтитрами на ютубе.

Предлагаем список ресурсов для просмотра и чтения новостей на английском языке. Некоторые из них созданы специально для изучающих язык, другие – аутентичные медиа, давно полюбившиеся носителям языка.

E-news
E-news

Один из новых ресурсов, созданный специально для тех, кто изучает английский. Подойдет как для уровня Elementary, так и для Advanced. Здесь вы можете читать новости о политике, науке, технологиях, спорте, путешествиях и пр. Кроме того, можете быстро найти интересующую тему, используя теги.

Сайт еженедельно освещает множество событий. Например, читайте релиз о «Фантастических тварях, и где они обитают» в 3-х разных вариантах, соответствующих каждому уровню изучения языка.

В каждой статье выделены основные слова с переводом на русский. Наведите на них курсором и увидите его в контексте. Еще одна крутая фишка – аудиосопровождение, которое вы выбираете в зависимости от уровня вашего английского.
РєСЂР°31
В целом, сайт очень круто оформлен и удобен для пользователя.

The Times in Plain English


Как сказано на главной странице – The Times in Plain English («The Times на понятном/простом английском) это «четкое написание» для «глобального прочтения». Сервис помогает понимать читателям по всему миру подлинные английские новостные статьи. Это означает, что новички могут получать свою дозу свежих новостей без необходимости обращаться за каждым вторым словом к словарю.
kra31 at
Сайт берет статьи из различных публикаций, в том числе и The New York Times, и переписывает их, используя простые слова и короткие предложения. Здесь освещаются темы здоровья, образования, законов, иммиграции, денег и работы. Также вы найдете ссылку на оригинальную статью, если захотите усложнить себе задачу.


К сожалению, сейчас в сети очень много посредственного контента. А когда вы не носитель языка, вам такой контент не нужен. Нужен – качественный.
kra31 СЃСЃ
Что делать? Читайте аутентичные (подлинные) новостные статьи с четким и ясным языком, написанные людьми разных культур.

USA Today
USA Today может многое предложить не носителям языка. Статьи написаны в лаконичном и прямом стиле. Здесь вы найдете актуальные новости США, множество тем о науке и технике, спорте и путешествиях, колонки различных авторов.

The Guardian Newspapers
The Guardian Newspapers

The Guardian – еще один отличный online источник различных английских новостных историй. Кроме того, он предлагает несколько вариантов: The Guardian – для американцев, The Guardian – для англичан. Выбирайте, какой английский вам больше по душе, и читайте.

Сервисы располагают огромной коллекцией новостных статей, посвященных политическому миру, бизнесу, образу жизни и пр.

В The Guardian`s Long Read вы найдете поистине крутой материал для улучшения навыков чтения и аудирования.

The New York Times` Times Minute
РєСЂР°31

https://kra-31c.cc

Aaronidope

01 May 2025 - 12:38 pm

Description:


Order on Machinio
Or save €100 on vibromera.eu with promo code VB100!

Overview of the Balanset-1A Device

The Balanset-1A is a highly portable, dual-channel device tailored for rotor balancing and vibration analysis. It's ideally suited for balancing rotors like crushers, fans, mulchers, choppers, shafts, centrifuges, turbines, and other rotating machines.

Included with the Device

The full kit package contains:

A measurement module with interface.
Two vibration measurement sensors.
Optical laser tachometer with magnetic mount.
Software (laptop sold separately).
Electronic scales.
Protective transport case.

Price:
Full: 1751 EUR
OEM kit: €1561

Order on Machinio
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Fobertket

01 May 2025 - 01:13 am

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Jamesabepe

29 Apr 2025 - 04:55 pm

Mixer Money provides all the anonymity and protection that comes standard with a Bitcoin mixer, as well as many optional features and benefits that you won’t find anywhere else. If you use a new address for withdrawal, the coins you receive back are completely separated from your previous history on the blockchain, so it is almost impossible to link the transaction history with your personality. SmartMix commission is only 0.5% of the deposit amount plus 0.0001 BTC / 0.00005 BCH for each exit address. 5 output addresses can be set. The privacy policy makes it possible to delete all mixing information as soon as it is completed. The resource provides fast and reliable mixing of bitcoins through a simple and attractive user interface. Mixer Money has made two additional functions for its clients in contrast to its colleagues: 1. Affiliate program. Share your anonymous referral link and earn cryptocurrency bonuses. For each mixing operation performed on your link, you receive 50% of the service fee. 2. Loyalty reward program. Use your anonymous SmartClub code with every mixing operation to receive service charge discounts. The more you mix, the more you save. Yomix : It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit Coin Mixer : Fast payouts Bitcoin Laundry : Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Coinmize : Zero-log policy Mixero : Excellent customer support 1. Yomix - It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitThis particular Yomix supports Bitcoin cryptocurrency and does not bear any logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.01 BTC and the transaction fee is 1–3%. It supports multiple addresses of up to 10 and requires confirmation. No registration is required and it does offer a referral program.Being one of the earliest crypto coin tumblers, Yomix continues to be a easy-to-use and functional crypto coin mixer. There is a possibility to have two accounts, with and without registration. The difference is that the one without registration is less controllable by a user.The mixing process can be performed and the transaction fee is charged randomly from 1% to 3% which makes the transaction more anonymous. Also, if a user deposits more than 10 BTC in a week, the mixing service reduces the fee by half. With a time-delay feature the transaction can be delayed up to 24 hours. A Bitcoin holder should worry security leak as there is a 2-factor authentication when a sender becomes a holder of a PGP key with password. However, this mixing platform does not have a Letter of Guarantee which makes it challenging to address this tumbler in case of scams.Yomix is another simple yet trustworthy Bitcoin Tumbler service. And one of the primary differences it has compared to the other platforms on this list is that it can accommodate really “large volume transactions”. There is no maximum transaction limit as such, considering how their reserve is really huge and you’ll need to be a millionaire before you can run them out of funds. If any limit is breached, you are notified before you make the payment. The minimum transaction 0.001BTC, any amount lower than this is is considered a donation, like in the case of PriveCoin, and isn’t sent back to the customer. The minimum fee is 0.5%, with an additional 0.0005BTC for every deposited transaction. You can set a custom fee for added anonymity and they also provide a letter or guarantee like all the mentionable Bitcoin Tumblers out there.Bitcoin Mixer as the name suggests is another mixer, which lets us mix Yomix. It’s an onion-only service, and the lack of a clearnet version increases anonymity. Offers quite a bit of control to the users regarding percentage distribution and time-delays. Percentage distribution can be specified manually, while time-delays can only be “selected” from the provided options. Minimum possible delay is 1hour, maximum being 24 Hours, with multiple choices in between. Although “instant” payouts without any delay are possible as well. A total of 5 output addresses can be specified for each mix. The fee isn’t user-controlled, and is set at 1% of the mix. Each additional address costs an additional 0.000001 BTC. They do not store any logs whatsoever. The minimum deposit requirement is 0.0002 BTC, smaller deposits are considered donations and aren’t refunded. Pros: It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitProvides user-controlled time delays 2. Coin Mixer - Fast payouts Another coin scrambler Mixtum offers you a so-called free trial period what means that there are no service or transaction fee charged. The process of getting renewed coins is also quite unique, as the tumbler requires a request to be sent over Tor or Clearnet and renewed coins are acquired from stock exchanges.Let’s take a look at another one of the leading bitcoin mixers which is incredibly easy to operate. Coin Mixer has a straightforward interface and it is worth mentioning that the service fee is the lowest possible, it is 0.0% with 0.0002 BTC per extra address. Retention period is 7 days when it is easy for a user to manually remove all the logs which are saved for this period because of any future transaction-related problems. There is a time-delay feature, however, it is not possible to be controlled by a user but the mixing platform only.Coin Mixer only supports Bitcoin transactions and requires customers to deposit a minimum of 0.001 BTC. Transaction fees range from 0.5 to 3% depending on the amount that is being transferred. This Bitcoin mixer supports multiple addresses and custom options (max of 10). Nonetheless, confirmation is required. Coin Mixer does not have a referral program in place.How it works: it has its own cryptocurrency reserve, which can be represented as a chain of bitcoins. When you transfer your funds to the Blender io, the resource sends your funds to the end of the chain and sends you new coins from the beginning of the chain that have nothing to do with the old coins. therefore, there can be no connection between incoming and outgoing coins. Only coins that go from your wallet to the Coin Mixer address can be tracked through the public ledger, but no further. Blender io does not require you to register or provide any information other than the “receiving address“! It does not require identity confirmation and registration, but it is mandatory to provide in addition to the “receiving address”. The additional withdrawal delay feature has been extended to the maximum and offers installation up to 24 times a day. Other servers do not have such a wide range of latencies. Each set of unrefined coins can be split into as many as 8 pieces and sent to different addresses with an additional fee of 0.00008 BTC per address. Pros: It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitAvailable in Tor 3. Bitcoin Laundry - Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions And last but not least, there is a coin mixer with a number of cryptocurrencies to tumbler named Bitcoin Laundry. At the moment, there are three currencies and Ethereum is going to be represented in future. This mixer offers a very simple user-interface, as well as the opportunity to have control over all steps of the mixing process. A user can select a delay not just by hours, but by the minute which is very useful. The tumbler gives the opportunity to use a calculator to understand the amount of money a user finally receives. The service fee is from 1 % to 5 % with fees for extra addresses (0.00045529 BTC, 0.01072904 LTC, and 0.00273174 BCH). Having funds from different resources helps the crypto mixer to keep user’s personal information undiscovered. This last mixer does not offer its users a Letter of Guarantee.Bitcoin Laundry is a btc shuffle service needed to hide your transfers in the bitcoin world. Bitcoin Laundry currently has a minimum withdrawal threshold of 0.03500000 BTC, so users are advised to deposit more than the entry threshold plus commission, otherwise they will not be able to withdraw funds. The client is asked to set 5 exit addresses. If for some reason, even after a delay of two hours, the user’s balance is not updated, the mixer can contact the support service to take action. For customers who have been inactive for several days, it can take up to 15 minutes after logging in before you see outstanding deposits. Transaction histories are automatically deleted within 1 week after that. The program runs on a dedicated server that is openly connected via the Internet (you don’t need to do this when using the Tor browser). The Bitcoin mixer is launched on another machine, all suspicious activity is monitored, and the website is automatically protected in case of any indication that it is under DDoS attack.Bitcoin Laundry is a very impressive service if you want to maintain your anonymity when you make purchases online. It can also be useful if you want to do p2p payments and donations. The service is used to mix a person’s funds and give this person some fresh bitcoins. The focus here is on making sure that the blender has the ability to confuse the trail as somebody could try to figure out the source. The best mixer is that one that keeps your anonymity at a max. You want each bitcoin transaction to be very hard to trace. This is where using our bitcoin mixing service makes a lot of sense. Protect your income and personal information becomes much easier. The reason why you want to use our service is because you want to hide your coins from hackers and third-parties. They can do a blockchain analysis, they may be able to track your personal data to steal your bitcoins. With our bitcoin tumbler, you don’t have to worry about that anymore.Bitcoin Laundry has a simple interface, it is easy to use and simple. Time-delay option can be set up to 24 hours. With regard to the fee, there is an additional fee of 0.0005 % per output address. As one of the few, this cryptocurrency tumbler provides a user with a special mixing code which guarantees that fresh crypto coins are not blended with previous deposits. Additional URL Blender is also here to guarantee that users can get to the tumbler, even if the main link is not working. Pros: It has a positive reputation among the Bitcoin communityZero-logs of your transactions 4. Coinmize - Zero-log policy Coinmize is unique in the sense that it offers support for both Bitcoin and Ethereum. The site does not require registration and has a minimum deposit requirement of 0.2 BTC. Transaction fees range from 2 – 5% depending on the amount that is being transferred. There is no referral program offer for Coinmize and multiple addresses are not supported. Finally, letters of guarantee are not provided.Another trustworthy mixer is Coinmize which supports two cryptocurrencies with Ethereum to be added soon. The mixing process is quite typical and similar to the processes on other tumblers. It is possible to set a time-delay option up to 72 hours and a sender has an opportunity to split the transaction, so the funds are sent to several addresses. Thus, sender’s funds are more secured and untraceable.How it works: it has its own cryptocurrency reserve, which can be represented as a chain of bitcoins. When you transfer your funds to the Blender io, the resource sends your funds to the end of the chain and sends you new coins from the beginning of the chain that have nothing to do with the old coins. therefore, there can be no connection between incoming and outgoing coins. Only coins that go from your wallet to the Coinmize address can be tracked through the public ledger, but no further. Blender io does not require you to register or provide any information other than the “receiving address“! It does not require identity confirmation and registration, but it is mandatory to provide in addition to the “receiving address”. The additional withdrawal delay feature has been extended to the maximum and offers installation up to 24 times a day. Other servers do not have such a wide range of latencies. Each set of unrefined coins can be split into as many as 8 pieces and sent to different addresses with an additional fee of 0.00008 BTC per address.Coinmize is an extremely basic mixer. It allows only 1 output address to be specified. The UI too is extremely simple and doesn’t feature any sliders or calculators. Users simply enter their output address and receive the funds as simple as that. The minimum mix amount is 0.001BTC while the maximum is 100BTC. Amounts out of these limits will not be mixed. Users have no control on the fee and it’s randomized between 0.5% and 1%. An additional 0.0005 BTC miner fee also exists. The time-delay too (if any) isn’t user controlled and the mixer sends out funds at its own pace. Its working infrastructure seems to differ from other mixers out there. While most other mixers have a “reserve”, this platform seems to use miners. The unclean coins are sent to “miners”, and the clean coins too are claimed to be sent out from “miners”. It however doesn’t keep any logs and all information is deleted once a transaction is complete. Pros: Allows extra payout addressesExtensive FAQ section 5. Mixero - Excellent customer support Mixero runs on the Darknet and is one of the most popular Bitcoin toggle switches. This dark service uses new technology, it doesn’t just clean up your coins, you get brand new coins that have never been on the dark web. The cleaning process can take no more than 4 hours. To carry out cleaning on Helix in the basic version of Grams, you need to register, in the versions of Helix Light and Helix Market this is not necessary. If you still decide to use the Grams version, you will have to pay an entrance fee of 0.01 BTC. Helix has an additional feature (Auto-Helix) that allows you to specify which addresses your coins will be mixed with when they are credited to your account. Helix also enforces a “no log” policy, all logs are deleted automatically after 7 days or by the user immediately after completion of the output. Helix has a third party server not connected to Grams. A number of Bitcoin client programs that he uses are located on a completely separate server from Helix and Grams. Even if Grams is attacked or compromised, Helix will not be affected.Another trustworthy mixer is Mixero which supports two cryptocurrencies with Ethereum to be added soon. The mixing process is quite typical and similar to the processes on other tumblers. It is possible to set a time-delay option up to 72 hours and a sender has an opportunity to split the transaction, so the funds are sent to several addresses. Thus, sender’s funds are more secured and untraceable.It is one of the best tumblers with a good number of features. It supports Bitcoin cryptocurrency bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.0015 BTC and the transaction fee is 0.0% service fee along with an additional 0.0002 BTC per payout address. It supports multiple addresses of up to 5 and requires confirmation. No registration is required and Mixero does not offer a referral program.Mixero bitcoin mixer is one of the few that allows large-volume transactions. The minimum size for a mixing operation is 0.001 BTC, any amount below this level is considered a donation and is not sent back to the client, there is no maximum transfer limit. The minimum commission is 0.5% with an additional fee of 0.0005 BTC for each incoming transaction. During the transaction, you will receive a letter of guarantee, as in all previously mentioned mixers. Pros: No-logs policiIt offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit

Haroldtrast

28 Apr 2025 - 12:11 pm

Manuala metode
Manuala FUE procedura tiek izmantots tikai roku darbs, graftus atdalot ar instrumentu, kura diametrs ir 0.9-1.00 mm. Parstadits tiek viss grafts, kas parasti satur 1-4 matu folikulus, nedalot atseviski pa 1 graftam, tadejadi iegustot kuplu un dabigu rezultatu.
Matu transplantacija cena
Dr. Ilze Runce veicot griezienus, strada ar mikroskopu, kas dod iespeju iegut matu biezumu, kas maksimali pietuvinats dabigajam un viena procedura iespejams parstadit lidz pat 4000 graftu. Manuala FUE metode tiek izmantota ari uzacu un bardas parstadisana. Procedura norit vieteja anestezija un ir klientam komfortabla – tas laika pacients visu laiku atrodas sedus stavokli proceduru kresla un var lietot datoru, telefonu, planseti, lasit gramatu vai skatities TV.

Dr. Ilze Runce ir manualas metodes aizsaceja Latvija, ir atseviski apguvusi so metodi Kazahstana 1 gada garuma pie nozares profesionaliem un ieviesusi to Latvija kops 2013.gada, kopuma ir veikusi jau vairak ka 1000 manualas FUE proceduras.

Aprakstu sagatavoja Dr. Ilze Runce

Manualas metodes cena ieklauts viss nepieciesamais:
nepieciesamais graftu daudzums;
visi pecoperacijas medikamenti;
sprejs;
sampuns;
cepurite;
pusdienas proceduras diena;
parsiesana nakamaja diena (pec nepieciesamibas).
MATU IZKRISANA

Pastiprinata matu izkrisana jeb alopecija skar gan viriesus, gan sievietes. Ta var but saistita ar novecosanos, genetiku, hroniskam slimibam, ieilgusu stresu, ka ari specifiskam imunas sistemas reakcijam. Mati klust plani vai pilniba izkrit. Ari retas un apdegumi zonas, kur agrak ir bijis apmatojums, (piemeram, uzacis) var radit estetisku diskomfortu.

Matu parstadisanas procedura ir efektivs risinajums gadijumos, kad medikamenti un arstnieciskas proceduras nepalidz!

Rodneykax

28 Apr 2025 - 08:04 am

В сфере оптимизации сайта под поисковые системы (SEO) существует множество терминов и понятий, важных для продвижения. Ссылочный вес или ссылочная масса — один из важнейших факторов, влияющих на ранжирование веб-проекта в результатах поиска. В этой статье мы кратко рассказываем, что представляет собой ссылочная масса, какие ее типы выделяют, как она формируется и влияет на рейтинг сайта, а также даем несколько советов о ее наращивании.
ссылочная масса
Что такое ссылочная масса сайта
Ссылочный профиль (масса, вес) — это совокупность всех внешних гиперссылок, которые указывают на определенный сайт. Чем больше качественных внешних ссылок указывают на веб-ресурс, тем выше его авторитет с точки зрения поисковых систем. Поэтому внутренние ссылки, то есть оставленные в пределах самого сайта, ведущие на него же, не являются частью ссылочной массы.
ссылочная масса
ссылочная масса

Terrynen

26 Apr 2025 - 05:05 pm

The voice of ‘White Lotus’ star Walton Goggins is the lullaby we didn’t know we needed
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While his “White Lotus” character Rick has been the source of some stress this season, Walton Goggins is here to soothe us into a state of dreamy sleep to make up for it.

The actor has partnered with relaxation and meditation app Calm for one of their famed Sleep Stories, lending his smoky voice to a fable titled “The Yard Sale.”

Goggins announced the Sleep Story on his verified Instagram on Tuesday, writing, “A friend once said to me the first question you ask someone shouldn’t be, ‘How are you?’ but rather, ‘How did you sleep last night?’ I agree.”

The post included an excerpt from the story, in which Goggins is heard languidly instructing listeners to relax their bodies and get into bed. “You could even climb into a hammock,” he added. “I wouldn’t do that because I’ve never gracefully got in or out of one.”

In the caption, the actor also wrote that he “wanted to create a Sleep Story that feels dreamlike, helping people slow their minds down by wandering through a yard sale (which happens to be one of my favorite things to do), uncovering hidden treasures.”

“It’s the Walton Goggins version of counting sheep. I hope you enjoy,” he added.

Other celebrities who have read bedtime stories in the hopes of putting audiences to sleep include Dolly Parton and the late Jimmy Stewart, whose voice was featured in a Calm Christmas Sleep Story in 2023 thanks to generative AI technology.

Goggins currently stars on “The White Lotus,” where his character is often the most stressed out and tortured of the ensemble, at one point setting a slew of snakes free.

Billybob

26 Apr 2025 - 08:56 am

Mist and microlightning
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To recreate a scenario that may have produced Earth’s first organic molecules, researchers built upon experiments from 1953 when American chemists Stanley Miller and Harold Urey concocted a gas mixture mimicking the atmosphere of ancient Earth. Miller and Urey combined ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), hydrogen (H2) and water, enclosed their “atmosphere” inside a glass sphere and jolted it with electricity, producing simple amino acids containing carbon and nitrogen. The Miller-Urey experiment, as it is now known, supported the scientific theory of abiogenesis: that life could emerge from nonliving molecules.
For the new study, scientists revisited the 1953 experiments but directed their attention toward electrical activity on a smaller scale, said senior study author Dr. Richard Zare, the Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor of Natural Science and professor of chemistry at Stanford University in California. Zare and his colleagues looked at electricity exchange between charged water droplets measuring between 1 micron and 20 microns in diameter. (The width of a human hair is 100 microns.)

“The big droplets are positively charged. The little droplets are negatively charged,” Zare told CNN. “When droplets that have opposite charges are close together, electrons can jump from the negatively charged droplet to the positively charged droplet.”
The researchers mixed ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrogen in a glass bulb, then sprayed the gases with water mist, using a high-speed camera to capture faint flashes of microlightning in the vapor. When they examined the bulb’s contents, they found organic molecules with carbon-nitrogen bonds. These included the amino acid glycine and uracil, a nucleotide base in RNA.

“We discovered no new chemistry; we have actually reproduced all the chemistry that Miller and Urey did in 1953,” Zare said. Nor did the team discover new physics, he added — the experiments were based on known principles of electrostatics.

“What we have done, for the first time, is we have seen that little droplets, when they’re formed from water, actually emit light and get this spark,” Zare said. “That’s new. And that spark causes all types of chemical transformations.”